Tracheostomy; complications in upper air way management as compared to endotracheal intubation

This study involves the review of management of patients who required temporary airway support and were treated either with tracheostomy or endotracheal intubatione in ear, nose, throat. Department and intensive care unit of Multan Medical and Dental College Ibne Sina Hospital Multan. Another important aspect of the study is to compare the results of tracheostomy with endotracheal intubation. Retrospective and descriptive. Multan Medical and Dental College Ibnae e Sina Hospital Multan. From 2012 to 2013. Twenty consecutive patients who had operation of tracheostomy whether emergency or elective, and were admitted in ENT ward of Ibne Sina Hospital Multan and twenty patients were intubated with endotracheal tube in the intensive care unit of the hospital. The main indications of tracheotomy were upper air way obstruction [80]% and mechanical respiratory insufficiency [20]%. Indications of endotracheal intubation were mechanical respiratory failure[80]% and ventilatory insufficiency due to retention of secretions [20]%. Tracheostomy is better choice in prolonged air way control more than three 3 weeks. But endotracheal intubation is found to be better choice in early and quick management of short term airway control up to 3 weeks

Uric acid and endothelial dysfunction in essential hyoertension

Uric acid can stimulate the synthesus of c-creative protien, and that might be one of the mechanisms underlying the endothelial dysfunction.several studies showed an independent link between UA and CRP suggest that chronic exposure to mild hyperuricemia may be a factor that contributes to micro inflammation and raised CRP in individual the essential hypertension. To inestigate the realtionship between the serum uric acid, C-RP, total cholesterol and endothelial dysfunction in patient with essential hyoertension. Twenty patients with essential hypertension and fifteen apparently healthy subjects matched for age and weight have been included in this study, uric and total cholesterol were determined by enzymatic methods, high senstivity C-reactive protien [HsCRP] enzyme immunoassyfor the quantitaive determination in human serum was used. The data obtained showed that the serum levels of uric acid, C-Reactive protiens and total cholesterol were significantly higher in patients with hyoertension than in healthy controls. The conclusion was that hyperuricemia in individuals with essential hypertension in associated with endothelial dysfunction. The hypothesis that uric acid plays a significant role in this alternation in humans

Effect of psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid [husk] on primary hyperlipidemic patients

Background: Psyllium husk has been used for treating gastrointestinal upsets like diarrhea, constipation and irritable bowel disease in the past. Recent medical researches have shown remarkable effects of psyllium husk on all parameters of lipid profile, except triglycerides and very low density lipoproteins

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effects of psyllium husk on lipid profile of primary hyperlipidemic patients

Patients and Methods: It was a single blind placebo controlled experimental study,conducted in Jinnah Hospital Karachi, from January 2009 to June 2009. Forty hyperlipidemic patients were included in this study. Twenty patients were on placebo as control group, and twenty were on psyllium husk, ten grams daily in three divided doses, for three months. Patients with hypothyroidism, alcoholism, renal and hepatic disease were excluded from the study. Serum total cholesterol and triglycerides were estimated by the enzymatic calorimetric method. Serum High Density Lipoprotein [HDL] was determined by direct method, at day one and on last day of the treatment. Low Density Lipoprotein, [LDL] was calculated by Friedwald formula [LDL-C= TC- [TG/5 + HDL-C]. Data was analyzed as the mean +/- standard deviation. To determine statistical significance of results, paired t-test was applied and p < 0.05 was taken as significant

Results: Two patients withdrew from the study due to personal reasons. Psyllium decreased serum total cholesterol from 228.27+/-4.89 mg/dl to 199.22 +/- 2.30 mg/dl, triglycerides from 169.27+/- 9.92 mg/dl to 164.5+/-8.56 mg/dl, LDL from 159.72 +/- 5.70 to 129.55+/- 2.81 mg/dl and increased serum HDL from 34.61+/-1.85 to 36.77+/-1.96 mg/dl in three months of treatment. Results of all parameters were significant, except triglycerides, when paired 't' test was applied for significance

Conclusion: From this experimental study, it was concluded that psyllium husk fibers are effective in maintaining lipid profile at normal limits in hyperlipidemic patients

Psyllium husk to increase HDL- Cholesterol; placebo controlled study

To examine the effects of Psyllium husk on HDL-Cholesterol. Single blind placebo controlled study. Study was conducted at department of pharmacology and therapeutics at Basic Medical Sciences Institute [BMSI], Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre [JPMC], Karachi, from January 2006 to July 2006. Forty hyperlipidemic patients were included, among which 20 patients were on placebo as control group, and 20 were on Psyllium husk, 3 gram daily, in divided doses for the period of three months. Patients with peptic ulcer, renal disease, hepatic disease, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and alcoholism were excluded from the study. HDL- Cholesterol was determined by using kit Cat. #303210040 by Eli Tech Diagnostic, France. Data were expressed as the mean +/- SD and [t] test was applied to determine statistical significance as the difference. A probability value of <0.05 was the limit of significance. Two patients were dropped from the study due to low compliance of metallic taste of psyllium husk. Psyllium husk has increased HDL-Cholesterol, in 90 days of treatment, from 34.61 +/- 1.85 to 36.77 +/- 1.96 [mg/dl], which was highly significant statistically when paired [t] test was applied for results. Percentage change was +6.24. It is concluded from this study that Psyllium husk decreases the risk of CHD by increasing HDL-Cholesterol

Relationship of brain natriuretic peptide with serum lipids and body mass index in healthy adult males

Prevalence of morbid obesity has increased dramatically world wide during past three decades. BMP a cardiac lipolytic hormone is found to be decreased in obese hypertensive and heart failure patients. Increasing values of BMI are associated with dyslipidemia. To find out the relationship of BMP with increasing values of BMI and individual serum lipid fractions in apparently healthy adult males. Study Observational, cross-sectional Department of Physiology at Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center, Karachi. Study included 85 adult males, aged between 20-60 years. All were non-smokers, non- diabetic, having no other chronic illness and not taking any lipid lowering therapy. Study participants were evaluated for lipid profile and divided into three groups for the calculated BMI values according to WHO and International Obesity Task Force. Brain Natriuretic Peptide was assayed by AxSym technology. Brain Natriuretic Peptide developed a negative correlation with BMI, total and LDL-cholesterol and a positive relation with HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. This study concluded that Brain Natriuretic Peptide is negatively related with increasing values of BMI and degree of dyslipidemia in apparently healthy adult males